胶印机色墨转换实验及数据库开发

在胶印机色彩检测与控制系统中,色墨转换实验数据对色墨转换算法的研究及色彩控制的准确度具有重要的作用.开放式色墨转换工艺数据库便于用户根据自己的需要添加新的色墨转换数据,提高色彩检测与控制系统的通用性及控制精度.在确定色墨转换实验方案的基础上,在北人集团的对开四色胶印机上进行了色墨转换实验;综合考虑影响色墨转换实验的各因素,设计了色墨转换工艺数据库;并采用Visual C++及MySQL开发了开放式色墨转换工艺数据库管理系统,用户可以方便地进行数据的查询、添加、删除及修改等操作.     

松花江水环境质量评价模糊可变集合工程方法

为对松花江哈尔滨江段的水质进行科学准确的评价,首先证明该江段水环境质量评价物元分析法关联函数基本公式的错误,然后在工程可变模糊集理论的基础上,提出以相对差异函数表示的模糊可变集合工程方法,对该江段水环境质量进行评价.通过实例,将结果与物元分析法进行比较,验证模型与方法的合理性.同时分析物元分析法对松花江哈尔滨江段的水质评价成果的逻辑错误,指出物元分析法不能用于水环境质量评价等领域.     

高岭石与碱性驱替剂反应实验研究

用聚四氟乙烯塑料反应器在25℃和45℃下,以20 g/L的固液比,研究了高岭石与不同浓度NaOH或Na2CO3的溶蚀反应,反应时间为0～600 h,用分光光度法测定反应后液相中硅、铝元素质量浓度,根据反应前后碱浓度的变化,计算反应绝对碱耗量;测定5.0%NaOH驱替过程中,高岭石填砂管渗透率和注入压力的变化.实验结果表明:高岭石在碱溶液中,通过扫描电镜能发现有明显溶蚀痕迹,在溶蚀反应前120 h,溶液中硅、铝元素明显增加;相同温度下,高岭石在1.2%NaOH溶液中比5.0%Na2CO3溶液中碱耗量高;在碱驱过程中,渗透率上下波动,稳定后渗透率小幅下降.     

α-1,4葡聚糖麦芽糖苷酶生产菌的筛选及发酵条件

针对淀粉直接转化麦芽糖相对困难、高浓度麦芽糖生产效率低的工业难题,以麦芽糊精作为碳源,获得一株能将麦芽糊精转化为麦芽糖的α-1,4葡聚糖麦芽糖苷酶生产菌。能够转化糊精为麦芽糖并清除葡萄糖的发酵条件为:酵母粉2 g/L,麦芽糊精50 g/L,培养基初始pH值为6.0,发酵温度为35℃。     

Evolution of carbides and carbon content in matrix of an ultra-high carbon sintered steel during heat treatment process

DTA, thermal expansion, XRD, and SEM were used to evaluate the effect of quenching temperature on the mechanical properties and microstructure of a novel sintered steel Fe-6Co-1Ni-5Cr-5Mo-1C. Lattice parameters and the mass fraction of carbon dissolved in the matrix of the steel quenched were investigated. It is discovered that the hardness of the steel increases with quench-ing temperature in the range of 840-900℃ and remains constant in the range of 900 to 1100℃. It decreases rapidly when the tem-perature is higher than 1100℃. The mass fraction of carbon dissolved in the matrix of the steel quenched at 840℃ is 0.38, but when the quenching temperature is increased to 1150℃, it increases to 0.98. The carbides formed during sintering are still present at grain boundaries and in the matrix of the steel quenched at low quenching temperatures, such as 840℃. When the quenching temperature is increased to 1150℃, most of the carbides at grain boundaries are dissolved with just a small amount of spherical M23C6 existing in the matrix of the quenched steel.     

Corner forming of AZ61A magnesium alloy tube within warm hydroforming

The corners with small radii on cross sections are crucial for forming hydroformed components with polygonal sections.In this paper,warm hydroforming experiments of AZ61A magnesium alloy tubes were carried out to study the forming regularity of round corners by using a demonstration part with square sections.Effects of temperature on radius forming,thinning ratio distribution and microstructure were revealed and a component with relative outer corner radius of 3.0 was obtained by warm hydroforming at 240℃.The minimum thickness of the formed square section was located in the transition position between the corner and the straight wall.The thinning ratio of the round corner increased with the increase of forming temperature.Formability of the magnesium tube was improved by raising temperature under the effect of dynamic recrystallization at 240℃.     

Wet friction performance of C/C-SiC composites prepared by new processing route

C/C-SiC composites with SiC island distribution were prepared via a new processing route. The fabrication process mainly included silicon infiltration by ultrasonic vibration, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), siliconizing, liquid phase impregnation and carbonization. The wear and friction properties were tested by an MM-1000 wet friction machine. The results show that SiC phases are mainly distributed between carbon fibers and pyrocarbons as well as among the pryocarbons. The dynamic friction coefficient of the composites decreases gradually from 0.126 to 0.088 with the increase of the surface pressure from 0.5 to 2.5 MPa at the same rotary speed. Furthermore, under the constant surface pressure, the dynamic friction coefficient increases from 0.114 to 0.126 with the increase of the rotary speed from 1 500 to 2 500 r/min. However, the coefficient decreases to 0.104 when the rotary speed exceeds 4 500 r/min. During the friction process, the friction coefficient of C/C-SiC composite is between 0.088 and 0.126, and the wear value is zero after 300 times brake testing. Foundation item: Project(2006CB600901) supported by the Major State Basic Research and Development Program of China; Project(0991015) supported by Guangxi Science Found, China; Project(200808MS083) supported by Guangxi Education Department Found     

Preparation and sintering of nano Fe coated Si3N4 composite powders

Fe/Si₃N₄ composite powder was synthesized by the heterogeneous precipitation-thermal reduction process, and then pressed into flakes under a pressure of 10 MPa. Flakes were sintered by pressureless and hot-pressing at 1 600 °C under 0.1 MPa N₂. The chemical composition, phases and microstructure of composite powder and sintered flakes were investigated by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that the structure of composite powders is Si₃N₄ coated by nano Fe. The crystal phases of sintered flakes by pressureless are Fe(Si) compound, SiC and Si₃N₄. The crystal phases of the sintered samples by hot-pressing are Fe, Fe(Si) compound and Si₃N₄. It is found that crystal phases flakes obtained by pressureless and hot-pressing are very different. Foundation item: Project(50804016) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

Remaining oil distribution in Ng3^3 bottom water reservoir of Lin 2-6 fault-block in Huimin depression and potential tapping in horizontal well

Oil reservoirs with secondary bottom water in Ng33 members (in Guantao formation, Paleogene system) of Lin2-6 fault block in Huimin depression (Bohai Bay Basin) have entered the late stage of ultra-high water-containing-exploitation. Oil exploita-tion from vertical wells is becoming more and more inefficient. The reservoir type, with water displacing oil and the remaining oil distribution are specifically studied in order to improve the efficiency of the recovery ratio. An integrated scheme for adjusting horizontal wells has been designed and the key technique of the scheme optimized. The study shows that: 1) the positive rhythm of fluvial depositional features is the internal cause of the flooding of oil reservoirs while water injection, injection-production patterns and accumulative petroleum production are the external causes; 2) oil-water driving patterns have transferred from edge water ad-vancing to bottom-water-coning; distribution of the remaining oil mainly concentrates in the upper rhythm and top of the middle rhythm in Ng33 members; 3) a great deal of remaining oil is enriched in high positions of faults, in axes of tiny structures, in stagna-tion areas among water-injection wells and oil-wells and in tectonic saddle areas with sparse wells. Compared with vertical wells, horizontal wells have advantages such as high recovery, high off-take potential, high critical output, large controlling areas and long time of bottom-water breakthrough.     

设计优化参数驾驭技术研究及实现

飞行器设计技术日益复杂,设计优化正朝着综合化、可视化方向发展．设计优化可视化技术对促进优化技术在工程中的普及与应用、提高设计质量与优化效率具有重要意义．针对初步设计阶段设计自由度大而设计知识相对缺乏的矛盾,提出了设计优化参数驾驭方法．应用实例表明,设计优化参数驾驭技术能方便地分析系统主要影响因素,确定重要设计变量和参数,指导搜索方向,建立对设计优化的有效控制．